Causes of Female Infertility You Need to Know

To understand the causes of female infertility, it must begin with an understanding of the process of pregnancy. Pregnancy for most married couples is awaited thing. Although it's not always the problematic part of the woman, there are various possibilities regarding the cause of female infertility from the female reproductive organs that need to be known. Pregnancy begins with the release of healthy egg cells from the ovaries that move toward the fallopian tubes (fallopian tubes). There the egg will be fertilized by sperm, when the couple has sexual intercourse. The fertilized egg then moves and grows in the uterus.

Risk Factors for Infertility

The possibility of female infertility can be influenced by the following risk factors:

• Age

Female infertility can be associated with age. Women's fertility levels decrease significantly in their late 30s. About 95 percent of women aged 35 years will become pregnant after 3 years of having sex without contraception, while only 75 percent of women aged 38 years who become pregnant at the same time period.

• Smoke

This habit can damage the cervix and fallopian tubes, while increasing the risk of miscarriage and ectopic pregnancy. Cigarettes are also thought to make your ovaries age faster and will deplete your eggs prematurely, making it difficult to conceive.

• Weight

The process of ovulation normally can be hampered when a woman is overweight or significantly less. Efforts to achieve a healthy weight based on the category of Body Mass Index (BMI) indicate that it can increase the frequency of ovulation and the possibility of pregnancy. On the other hand, exercise that is too extreme can also trigger women's fertility problems. To increase pregnant women, women and their partners also need to consume certain nutrients and vitamins.

• Alcohol

Excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages is associated with an increased risk of ovulation disorders and endometriosis.

• Congenital abnormalities

Female infertility can be caused by congenital abnormalities such as uterine septate, which can cause recurrent miscarriages or not be able to get pregnant. Uterine septate is a condition when there is an abnormality in the uterine cavity, where the uterus is divided by muscle walls or connective tissue.

• Infertility for no reason

Sometimes female infertility cannot be found. This can be triggered by a combination of several factors from both partners. Although difficult to accept this, not infrequently this problem resolves itself over time.

Female Infertility Disorders

In fact, there are various factors in a woman's body that can inhibit the process of pregnancy. Female infertility can be caused by several things:

Ovulation Disorders

Disorders of ovulation or egg release periodically, is the most common condition that causes women to not get pregnant. Some conditions make women no longer release the egg, some cause the egg is only released within a longer time than it should. Ovulation disorders can occur due to several conditions, such as:
• Thyroid disorders, including hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism can inhibit ovulation.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (polycystic ovarian syndrome / PCOS). This condition makes it difficult for the ovaries to produce eggs.
• Premature ovarian failure, which is when a woman's ovaries stop producing before the age of 40 years.

Damage to the fallopian tubes or fallopian tubes

When the fallopian tubes or fallopian tubes are damaged or blocked, it will make it difficult for sperm to fertilize an egg or block the motion of an fertilized egg into the uterus. The damage can be triggered by several factors. The first factor is pelvic inflammatory disease, namely inflammation of the uterus and fallopian tubes by sexually transmitted diseases such as chlamydia and gonorrhea. The second, had undergone major surgery or surgery on the pelvis, including surgery for ectopic pregnancy, which is a fertilized egg cell embedded and began to develop in the ovary, not the uterus. And the third factor is due to tuberculosis in the pelvis. Is one of the main causes of female infertility.

Postoperative scarring

Physical damage that occurs in the ovary can result in ovulation failure. For example, invasive and recurrent surgery for ovarian cysts can cause damage or the appearance of scarring, so ovulation does not occur. In addition, infection can also cause female infertility.

Cervical mucus disorders

When a woman is ovulating, cervical mucus naturally becomes thinner and thinner to make it easier for sperm to move and approach the egg. Abnormalities in mucus can complicate this process and prevent pregnancy.

Submucosal fibroids

Submucosal fibroids are benign and non-cancerous tumors that grow in or around the uterus. Submucosal fibroids develop in the muscular layer of the uterine wall and can develop into the uterine cavity. This condition can reduce fertility even though it is unknown what triggers it. Possible fibroids prevent the embryo from being implanted in the uterus.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis occurs when tissue that normally grows in the uterus is then implanted and grows in other parts of the body. Additional tissue growth and surgical removal can cause scarring. Scarring can then block the fallopian tubes and prevent sperm from fertilizing the egg. This condition can also have an impact on fertility indirectly, but endometriosis may affect the lining of the uterus and interfere with the fertilization of the fertilized egg.

Drug side effects

Some medicines can affect your fertility. The following are some of these drugs:
• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS), including aspirin and ibuprofen. The use of high-dose NSAIDs or long periods of time can complicate the process of pregnancy.
• Neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs used to treat the condition These drugs sometimes make users not get regular menstruation or even infertility.
• The antidiuretic drug spironolactone is a type of medication used to treat overload. It takes about two months since stopping consumption of this drug to restore fertility to normal levels.
• Chemotherapy as a cancer treatment therapy, sometimes causes interference with the ovaries so they are unable to function as they should. The damage may also be permanent.
• Illegal drugs such as cannabis and cocaine can affect fertility. This drug will complicate the ovulation cycle, namely the release of eggs every month.

To know for certain about the causes of female infertility, you and your partner should consult directly with a gynecologist. Generally, fertility checks are needed from both partners to ascertain the cause of difficulty getting pregnant. Consultation to a doctor is usually recommended after having sex regularly without contraception for a year and has not successfully become pregnant.